The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

III. Pulmonary/alveolar/airway hemorrhage/bleeding

III.a Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.j Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (subacute, acute)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.m ILD with a granulomatous component

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.t Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, talcosis...)

IV. Airway involvement

IV.g Cough syncope

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.q Empyema

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.ab Pneumothorax, bilateral

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.g Foreign body pulmonary vasculopathy (Excipient lung disease)

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.i Acute pulmonary hypertension

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.j Mercury pulmonary embolism

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.r Septic pulmonary embolism

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.t Pulmonary artery aneurysm(s)

VII. Mediastinal involvement

VII.h Pneumomediastinum

VII. Mediastinal involvement

VII.i Mediastinitis

VIII. Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.c Upper airway obstruction other than angioedema or hematoma

VIII. Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.d Thermal (burns, frostbite), chemical or caustic injury on the face, mouth, tongue, pharynx or upper airway

VIII. Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.ai Nasal, palatal and/or pharyngeal pathology

IX. Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.a Diaphragm/inspiratory muscle weakness/paralysis (w/wo ARF)

IX. Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.s Botulism (foodborne-, wound-)

IX. Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.ah Acute myelopathy (can cause ARF)

X. Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.u Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF)

X. Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.ac Anti-GBM antibody disease (Goodpasture-like or flare of preexisting GS)

X. Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.bb Foreign body (talc, cornstarch) retinopathy

XI. Miscellaneous

XI.g Aspiration, aspiration pneumonia (w/wo demonstrable pharyngeal dysmotility)

XI. Miscellaneous

XI.m Pulmonary emphysema - Lung cysts or bullae

XI. Miscellaneous

XI.r Death following exposure or poisoning

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.i Endocarditis (infective)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.v Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

XV. Pathology

XV.q Path: Foreign body deposits/granulomatous reaction

XV. Pathology

XV.s Path: Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, talcosis, talcoma)

XV. Pathology

XV.v Path: Micronodular organizing pneumonia/BOOP

XV. Pathology

XV.ag Path: Foreign body embolism, microangiopathy, vasculopathy

XV. Pathology

XV.al Path: Pulmonary hypertension incl. angiomatoid vasculopathy

XVI. Imaging

XVI.d Imaging: Alveolar opacities or haze with a batwing or butterfly distribution

XVI. Imaging

XVI.u Imaging: A miliary pattern (diffuse random micronodules)

XVI. Imaging

XVI.v Imaging: Centrilobular micronodules (can be diffuse)

XVI. Imaging

XVI.ae Imaging: A pattern similar to pneumoconiotic progressive massive fibrosis (PMF)

XVI. Imaging

XVI.af Imaging: Lung cysts or bullae (see also XVI ah/bf)

XVI. Imaging

XVI.ai Imaging: A 'tree-in-bud' pattern

XVII. Infections & related conditions

XVII.p Lung abscess/abscesses (see also VIr)

XVII. Infections & related conditions

XVII.s Sternoclavicular septic arthritis

XVII. Infections & related conditions

XVII.u Epidural abscess

XVII. Infections & related conditions

XVII.al Osteomyelitis (notably of thoracic bones)

XVIII. Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'

XVIII.t Eye catcher: Purpuric/Ecchymotic/Cyanotic lesions of the earlobes and/or nose

XVIII. Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'

XVIII.u Eye catcher: Talc retinopathy

XVIII. Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'

XVIII.x Eye catcher: A batwing pattern on imaging

X. Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.y Subclinical ANA positivity

XXVII. Esophageal involvement

XXVII.b Esophageal toxicity

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.e Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.f Pneumothorax

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.h Chylothorax

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.y Bilateral tension pneumothorax (can be fatal)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.y Pneumopericardium

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.ae Aortic dissection

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.am Cardiac injury/trauma

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.at Aortitis

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.av Infectious aortitis

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.be Septic/purulent pericardial effusion

XVII. Infections & related conditions

XVII.ao Purulent pericardial effusion

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.b Pulmonary arterial hypertension

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.d Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.f Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.h Subclinical pulmonary infiltrates/ILD

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.k Lung nodule or nodules

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.l Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.s A mass or masses

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.u Relapsing or migrating pneumonitis/pneumonia (see also Id)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.z An area or areas of consolidation

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.aa Delayed ILD, -pneumonitis, -fibrosis

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.at Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity - Amiodarone lung

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.ax Chronic pneumonitis

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.ay Unilateral interstitial lung disease

II. Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

II.b ARDS - Acute lung injury

II. Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

II.l Postoperative ARDS

IV. Airway involvement

IV.r Airway pigmentation (black, bluish, petechial)

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.c Pleural thickening - Fibrothorax

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.d Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.t The apical cap

IX. Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.ai Acute respiratory failure (hypoxemia, acidosis) from myxedema (-coma)

XI. Miscellaneous

XI.f Bluish, pseudocyanotic skin discoloration

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.e Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.l Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.n Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.p QTc prolongation

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.t Torsades de pointe

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.au Heart failure (thyrotoxicosis-, thyroid storm-mediated)

XV. Pathology

XV.a Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib)

XV. Pathology

XV.b Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic)

XV. Pathology

XV.c Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id)

XV. Pathology

XV.d Path: Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP-pattern) (see also pattern If)

XV. Pathology

XV.f Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL)

XV. Pathology

XV.g Path: Alveolar hemorrhage (see also IIIa)

XV. Pathology

XV.j Path: Pulmonary fibrosis (UIP-pattern)

XV. Pathology

XV.k Path: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP-pattern)

XV. Pathology

XV.m Path: Lymphoid hyperplasia (including nodular- or a lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia pattern)

XV. Pathology

XV.o Path: Endogenous lipoid pneumonia (phospholipidosis)

XV. Pathology

XV.r Path: Smudged geographic necrosis

XV. Pathology

XV.ao Path: Pleuritis, pleural fibrosis

XV. Pathology

XV.bt Path: Histiocytic proliferation

XV. Pathology

XV.co Path: Foamy inclusions in alveolar macrophages and/or in other lung cells

XV. Pathology

XV.dc Path: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia pattern (see also under XVIb)

XVI. Imaging

XVI.i Imaging: An area or areas of involvement with a recognizable anatomic distribution

XVI. Imaging

XVI.n Imaging: Intralobular septal thickening - Crazy paving

XVI. Imaging

XVI.s Imaging: An area or areas of involvement with high attenuation numbers or metallic density

XVI. Imaging

XVI.w Imaging: Lung nodule or nodules

XVI. Imaging

XVI.aa Imaging: Nodules, mass or masses with a central area of low attenuation (see also under XVIaa)

XVI. Imaging

XVI.ab Imaging: Cavitating/cavitary lung nodule, mass or nodules (see also Iq, XIs, XIIi, XVIaa and XVIIp)

XVI. Imaging

XVI.ay Imaging: Asymmetrical, predominantly unilateral involvement

XVI. Imaging

XVI.az Imaging: Solitary pulmonary nodule

XVI. Imaging

XVI.bj Imaging: Atelectasis (a combination of increased density and volume loss. Typically lobar)

XVI. Imaging

XVI.bq Imaging: A pattern consistent with pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis

XVI. Imaging

XVI.bt Imaging: A subsolid lung nodule or nodules

XVI. Imaging

XVI.bx Imaging: Waxing and waning nodules

XVI. Imaging

XVI.ca Imaging: Disseminated patchy pulmonary opacities

XVIII. Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'

XVIII.b Eye catcher: Electron-dense area or areas of consolidation on unenhanced chest CT

XVIII. Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'

XVIII.k Eye-catcher: An electron-dense liver on unenhanced CT

XVIII. Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'

XVIII.p Eye-catcher: An electron-dense ('white') thyroid

XIX. Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA

XIX.a BAL: An excess proportion of lymphocytes

XIX. Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA

XIX.b BAL: An excess proportion of neutrophils

XIX. Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA

XIX.c BAL: An excess proportion of eosinophils

XIX. Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA

XIX.e BAL: Stainable iron in macrophages

XIX. Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA

XIX.f BAL: Foamy macrophages

XIX. Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA

XIX.m BAL: A normal cell differential

XIX. Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA

XIX.p BAL: Lamellar bodies in AM on EM

XXVIII. Pulmonary physiology - PFTs

XXVIII.c Platypnea-orthodeoxia

IV. Airway involvement

IV.d Cough (lone)

VIII. Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)

X. Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.au Visceral angioedema (can cause relapsing abdominal pain)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.b Valvular heart disease and/or dysfunction

III. Pulmonary/alveolar/airway hemorrhage/bleeding

III.k Epistaxis

III. Pulmonary/alveolar/airway hemorrhage/bleeding

III.m Coagulopathy

VIII. Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.b Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO

IX. Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.x Thoracic epidural or spinal hematoma

XVI. Imaging

XVI.j Imaging: Wandering (migratory) pulmonary opacities

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.b Eosinophilic pleural effusion

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.y Pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (Persistent PHT)

IX. Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.e Disordered breathing pattern incl. Cheyne-Stokes respiration

II. Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

II.a Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)

IV. Airway involvement

IV.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma

IV. Airway involvement

IV.f Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal)

VII. Mediastinal involvement

VII.b Lymphadenopathy with reactive changes

VIII. Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.y Sinonasal discharge, -blockage, -obstruction

X. Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.m Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative)

X. Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.q Systemic inflammatory response

XI. Miscellaneous

XI.as Pharmacobezoar

XI. Miscellaneous

XI.az Sneezing (may cause pulmonary barotrauma)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.s Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.af Coronary vasospasm - Vasospastic angina

XV. Pathology

XV.w Path: Pulmonary edema (see also II/IIa)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.a Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may produce the ARDS pattern)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.b Pneumonitis (interstitial lung disease/ILD)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.g Pulmonary fibrosis

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.p Fatal pneumonitis (ILD)

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.v Abnormal lung function/pulmonary physiology (PFTs) without necessarily imaging or clinical evidence

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.w Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (a.k.a. Hamman-Rich syndrome)

II. Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

II.t Acute respiratory failure (e.g. from ARDS, ILD, PIE, OP, pulmonary edema or bronchospasm) requiring ECMO

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.p Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE)

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.z Pneumothorax (associated or secondary to drug-induced ILD)

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.c Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.f Hemolytic and uremic syndrome (HUS). See also under Xaf

VII. Mediastinal involvement

VII.e Granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy

XI. Miscellaneous

XI.b Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent

XV. Pathology

XV.h Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern

XV. Pathology

XV.i Path: Pneumocyte atypia (reactive epithelial cells) (a.k.a. the "Napoleon Hat" sign)

XV. Pathology

XV.l Path: Pulmonary fibrosis (not otherwise specified or unclassifiable)

XV. Pathology

XV.ax Path: Focal organizing pneumonia

XV. Pathology

XV.be Path: Interstitial pulmonary edema

XV. Pathology

XV.bf Path: Pulmonary necrotizing granuloma or granulomas

XVI. Imaging

XVI.a Imaging: Diffuse haze

XVI. Imaging

XVI.b Imaging: Ground-glass opacities (GGO) / shadowing

XVI. Imaging

XVI.e Imaging: Pulmonary opacities with a subpleural distribution

XVI. Imaging

XVI.k Imaging: An area or areas of consolidation

XVI. Imaging

XVI.bl Imaging: An area or areas of avid tracer uptake in the lung/chest on 18F-PET scan

XVIII. Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'

XVIII.j Eye-catcher: Avid lung uptake on 18F-PET-CT

XXIV. Veterinary medicine

XXIV.a Veterinary: Pneumonitis - Interstitial lung disease

XXIV. Veterinary medicine

XXIV.b Veterinary: Pulmonary fibrosis

I. Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.ao Pulmonary infiltrates

III. Pulmonary/alveolar/airway hemorrhage/bleeding

III.c Hemoptysis

III. Pulmonary/alveolar/airway hemorrhage/bleeding

III.h Major/massive hemoptysis

III. Pulmonary/alveolar/airway hemorrhage/bleeding

III.l Alveolar hemorrhage, localized (e.g. lobar)

IV. Airway involvement

IV.z Bronchial wall erosion/hematoma

IV. Airway involvement

IV.ah Bronchopericardial fistula

V. Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.n Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.o Air/gas embolism

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.z Pulmonary vein stenosis

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.ac Pulmonary infarction

VI. Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.ae Pulmonary vein perforation/rupture

VII. Mediastinal involvement

VII.d Fibrosing mediastinitis

VII. Mediastinal involvement

VII.g Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma

VIII. Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.h Vocal cord dysfunction, adduction, closure, injury

IX. Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.j Phrenic nerve injury - Hemi- or bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis

IX. Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.n Vagal nerve injury (may cause GE reflux/GERD)

XI. Miscellaneous

XI.k Esophageal hematoma (may cause chest pain and/or tracheal compression)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.c Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.g Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.aw Postcardiac/-cardiotomy injury (PCIS-Dressler syndrome)

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.bd Perforation of the heart - Cardiac rupture

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.bg Atrio-esophageal fistula

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.bh Atrial septal defect, acquired

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.bk Pulmonary vein thrombosis

XII. Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.cb Pericardial-esophageal fistula

XV. Pathology

XV.ah Path: Pulmonary congestion

XV. Pathology

XV.ak Path: Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD)

XV. Pathology

XV.cx Path: Pulmonary vein stenosis

XVI. Imaging

XVI.l Imaging: Peribronchovascular areas of consolidation

XVI. Imaging

XVI.bg Imaging: Pulmonary vein stenosis

XVI. Imaging

XVI.bo Imaging: Localized calcification of pulmonary vein or veins

XXVII. Esophageal involvement

XXVII.a Esophageal pathology (erosion, ulcer, tear, rupture, fistula)