X.f
Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
An absolute emergency. Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions (Review at PMID 28800865). Drug-induced anaphylaxis can be fatal (PMID 25280385). Drugs (NSAIDs, antibiotics, RCM) are foremost as a cause of anaphylaxis (PMID: 25553259). Expression is more severe and treatment more difficult in patients who were receiving beta-blockers prior to the episode (PMID 6114116, 6146275). Angioedema, bronchospasm, shock common. Consider i.m. epinephrine and liberal fluid administration quickly. See also under shock (XIIn ) and PMID 17378256 & 22467837. Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions usually develop unexpectedly. Can be severe and/or prolonged. Fatal in about 2%. Clinically, anaphylaxis is a systemic reaction with flushing, cramping, shock, laryngeal edema, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, empty vena cava syndrome, and/or the locked lung. Can lead to death within minutes from angioedema, bronchospasm, cardiac arrest and/or pulmonary edema (PMID: 16916722, 22467837, 28611774). Rechallenge with the drug for diagnostic purposes must be avoided. See also under IVb, VIIIa and b and X. Guidelines at PMID 15753926. Reviews, epidemiologic surveys at PMID 10823122, 12733472, 15073989, 16916722, 1789822,19217731, 19901808, 22987983, 22467837, 23741979, 24881890, 25538414, 29950872. Operative anaphylaxis is a severe form of anaphylaxis: PMID 19143700, 24251246, 22467837. All drugs that cause anaphylaxis may not be listed here. Guidelines, see also under PMID 24909803 and http://publications.nice.org.uk/anaphylaxis-assessment-to-confirm-an-anaphylactic-episode-and-the-decision-to-refer-after-emergency-cg134/introduction. A series of DI anaphylaxis with >1000 cases has been published in 2017 (PMID 29086147).
Causative drugs
Gonadotropin
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) V.g V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.g - Effusions of the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) V.i V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.i - Pleuritis (can cause chest pain) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.r X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.r - Fluid retention XI.q XI - Miscellaneous
XI.q - Lung compression from ascites
Hemodialysis - Chronic renal replacement therapy
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.i I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.i - Diffuse pulmonary calcification (calciphylaxis) II.f II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.f - Hypoxemia, low oxygen saturation (may occur in isolation) II.h II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.h - Overload pulmonary edema (including posttransfusional (TACO)) V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) V.c V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.c - Pleural thickening VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension VI.o VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.o - Air/gas embolism X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
Hemotherapy (transfusion/infusion of whole blood, red cells, platelets, or blood products)
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf) I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.e II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.e - Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) (May cause ARDS) II.f II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.f - Hypoxemia, low oxygen saturation (may occur in isolation) II.h II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.h - Overload pulmonary edema (including posttransfusional (TACO)) III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.i VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.i - Acute pulmonary hypertension VI.n VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.n - Crystal pulmonary embolism VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent XI.d XI - Miscellaneous
XI.d - Metabolic acidosis (incl. lactic acidosis/-gap). May cause hyperpnea/dyspnea XI.n XI - Miscellaneous
XI.n - Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis) XII.j XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.j - Myocardial stunning XII.n XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.n - Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension XV.g XV - Pathology
XV.g - Path: Alveolar hemorrhage (see also IIIa) XV.w XV - Pathology
XV.w - Path: Pulmonary edema (see also II/IIa) XV.aj XV - Pathology
XV.aj - Path: Cholesterol crystal embolism XV.at XV - Pathology
XV.at - Path: Pulmonary capillary granulocyte sequestration XVI.d XVI - Imaging
XVI.d - Imaging: Alveolar opacities or haze with a batwing or butterfly distribution XVII.ad XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.ad - Systemic infection (transmitted)
Heparin
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) V.e V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.e - Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion V.n V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.n - Hemopericardium - Bloody pericardial effusion VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VII.g VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.g - Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma VIII.b VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.b - Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XI.k XI - Miscellaneous
XI.k - Esophageal hematoma (may cause chest pain and/or tracheal compression) XII.u XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.u - Left-sided intracavitary thrombosis
Herbals - Dietary botanical therapy - Health products/food - Plants
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.m I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.m - ILD with a granulomatous component II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.q II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.q - Respiratory distress or failure, not otherwise specified III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.c IV - Airway involvement
IV.c - Obliterative bronchiolitis (a pattern consistent with) (see also IVn, XVx) V.u V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.u - Eosinophilic pleuritis VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) VIII.c VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.c - Upper airway obstruction other than angioedema or hematoma VIII.w VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.w - Uvulitis, uvular edema IX.a IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.a - Diaphragm/inspiratory muscle weakness/paralysis (w/wo ARF) IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.u X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.u - Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF) X.w X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.w - Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (EMS) XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent XI.h XI - Miscellaneous
XI.h - Esophageal pathology (erosion, ulcer, tear, rupture, fistula) XI.r XI - Miscellaneous
XI.r - Death following exposure or poisoning XI.bi XI - Miscellaneous
XI.bi - Cyanide poisoning XII.d XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.d - Myocarditis (can be fulminant) XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic) XII.h XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.h - Eosinophilic myocarditis XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP) XII.m XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.m - Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest XII.n XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.n - Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension XII.r XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.r - Heart failure (biventricular, congestive) XII.w XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.w - Asystole XII.ag XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ag - Bradycardia XII.ah XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ah - Tachycardia XII.ai XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ai - Cardiotoxicity XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XV.z XV - Pathology
XV.z - Path: Obliterative (constrictive) bronchiolitis (see also IVc, IVn) XIX.d XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.d - BAL: Gross or microscopic bleeding/hemorrhage XXIV.i XXIV - Veterinary medicine
XXIV.i - Veterinary: Respiratory/Ventilatory depression XXIV.j XXIV - Veterinary medicine
XXIV.j - Veterinary: Cardiotoxicity
Hydrocortisone
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.b IV - Airway involvement
IV.b - Bronchospasm and angioedema IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) IX.a IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.a - Diaphragm/inspiratory muscle weakness/paralysis (w/wo ARF) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.r X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.r - Fluid retention XII.v XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.v - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hydroxychloroquine
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.aa IV - Airway involvement
IV.aa - Occupational asthma VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension IX.a IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.a - Diaphragm/inspiratory muscle weakness/paralysis (w/wo ARF) X.a X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.a - DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic) XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP) XII.p XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.p - QTc prolongation XII.s XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.s - Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-) XII.t XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.t - Torsades de pointe XII.v XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.v - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy XV.cz XV - Pathology
XV.cz - Path: Lysosomal storage cardiomyopathy/cardiotoxicity
Ibuprofen
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) IV.v IV - Airway involvement
IV.v - Deterioration/exacerbation of preexisting asthma or COPD V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension VI.y VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.y - Pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (Persistent PHT) VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.a X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.a - DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) - ICI combinatorial Rx
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.f I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.f - Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.u I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.u - Relapsing or migrating pneumonitis/pneumonia (see also Id) I.v I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.v - Abnormal lung function/pulmonary physiology (PFTs) without necessarily imaging or clinical evidence I.w I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.w - Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome) I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis I.aa I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.aa - Delayed ILD, -pneumonitis, -fibrosis I.ad I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.ad - Radiation recall pneumonitis I.aj I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.aj - Shrinking lung syndrome I.ax I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.ax - Chronic pneumonitis II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic III.m III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.m - Coagulopathy IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.c IV - Airway involvement
IV.c - Obliterative bronchiolitis (a pattern consistent with) (see also IVn, XVx) IV.n IV - Airway involvement
IV.n - Obstructive airway dysfunction (see also IVc, XVx) IV.y IV - Airway involvement
IV.y - Eosinophilic airway disease (asthma, bronchitis, bronchiolitis) V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) V.s V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.s - Serositis - Polyserositis VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension VII.a VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.a - Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic) VIII.t VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.t - Vocal cord paresis/paralysis IX.a IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.a - Diaphragm/inspiratory muscle weakness/paralysis (w/wo ARF) IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis) IX.r IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.r - Myasthenia gravis - Myasthenic-like syndrome IX.ab IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.ab - Guillain-Barré (or GB-like) syndrome (w/wo ARF) IX.ac IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.ac - Myositis of the respiratory muscles (May lead to respiratory muscle paralysis) X.a X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.a - DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction X.c X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.c - Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd) X.e X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.e - Autoimmunity-Autoimmune conditions (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.h X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.h - Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss) X.j X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.j - Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba) X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic) X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative) X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive X.u X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.u - Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF) X.am X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.am - Immune-related adverse effect/toxicity X.an X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.an - Cytokine release syndrome - Cytokine storm X.aw X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.aw - Connective tissue disease X.ay X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ay - Polymyalgia rheumatica XI.n XI - Miscellaneous
XI.n - Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis) XI.y XI - Miscellaneous
XI.y - Adrenal suppression XI.ag XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ag - Vertebral compression fracture XI.au XI - Miscellaneous
XI.au - Graft vs. host disease in transplant recipients XI.av XI - Miscellaneous
XI.av - Deterioration of graft function in SOT recipients XI.ba XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ba - Nonrespiratory AE of interest XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade) XII.d XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.d - Myocarditis (can be fulminant) XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP) XII.n XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.n - Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension XII.s XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.s - Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-) XII.ai XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ai - Cardiotoxicity XII.ax XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ax - Necrotizing myocarditis (w/o evidence for CAD) XII.ba XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ba - Sudden cardiac death XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib) XV.b XV - Pathology
XV.b - Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic) XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.d XV - Pathology
XV.d - Path: Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP-pattern) (see also If) XV.e XV - Pathology
XV.e - Path: ILD with a granulomatous component (see also Im) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XV.l XV - Pathology
XV.l - Path: Pulmonary fibrosis (not otherwise specified or unclassifiable) XV.v XV - Pathology
XV.v - Path: Micronodular organizing pneumonia/BOOP XV.x XV - Pathology
XV.x - Path: Acute/subacute bronchiolitis (see also IVc, IVi) XV.ba XV - Pathology
XV.ba - Path: Granulomatous lymphadenopathy XV.co XV - Pathology
XV.co - Path: Foamy inclusions in alveolar macrophages and/or in other lung cells XV.cp XV - Pathology
XV.cp - Path: Pneumocyte vacuolization XVI.k XVI - Imaging
XVI.k - Imaging: An area or areas of consolidation XVI.v XVI - Imaging
XVI.v - Imaging: Centrilobular micronodules (can be diffuse) XVI.bh XVI - Imaging
XVI.bh - Imaging: F18-PET scan positive lympadenopathy XVI.bt XVI - Imaging
XVI.bt - Imaging: A subsolid lung nodule or nodules XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.c XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.c - Aspergillosis, pulmonary (invasive, allergic [ABPA], or mycetoma) XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia XVII.r XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.r - Fungal infection (pulmonary/extrapulmonary) XIX.a XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.a - BAL: An excess proportion of lymphocytes XIX.b XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.b - BAL: An excess proportion of neutrophils XIX.c XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.c - BAL: An excess proportion of eosinophils
Immunoglobulins, intravenous (IVIG)
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic II.e II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.e - Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) (May cause ARDS) III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative) XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy XII.n XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.n - Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension
Infliximab
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.w I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.w - Rapidly progressive ILD/pulmonary fibrosis (Hamman-Rich syndrome) I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) V.d V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.d - Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.d VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.d - Pulmonary vasculitis or capillaritis X.a X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.a - DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction X.b X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.b - Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd) X.e X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.e - Autoimmunity-Autoimmune conditions (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.h X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.h - Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss) X.j X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.j - Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba) X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic) X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive X.ah X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ah - Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (typically ANCA pos.) - GPA flare X.ar X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ar - Relapse/flare/onset of Crohn's disease XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade) XII.d XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.d - Myocarditis (can be fulminant) XII.q XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.q - Pericarditis (see also under XIIc) XII.br XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.br - Right ventricular thrombus/thrombosis XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XV.cs XV - Pathology
XV.cs - Path: Pleural granulomas XVI.b XVI - Imaging
XVI.b - Imaging: Ground-glass opacities (GGO) / shadowing XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.c XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.c - Aspergillosis, pulmonary (invasive, allergic [ABPA], or mycetoma) XVII.d XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.d - Pneumocystis jiroveci pulmonary colonization XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.f XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.f - Tuberculosis, miliary XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.h XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.h - Nontuberculous pulmonary mycobacterial infection/superinfection XVII.n XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.n - Legionella pneumophila pneumonia XVII.o XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.o - Nocardia pulmonary/systemic infection XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia XVII.r XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.r - Fungal infection (pulmonary/extrapulmonary) XVII.y XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.y - Cryptococcus pulmonary and/or systemic infection XVII.z XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.z - Histoplamosis (reactivation) XVII.ac XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.ac - Actinomycosis
Insulin
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XV.t XV - Pathology
XV.t - Path: Pulmonary amyloid deposits
Interferon alpha/beta
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.m I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.m - ILD with a granulomatous component I.v I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.v - Abnormal lung function/pulmonary physiology (PFTs) without necessarily imaging or clinical evidence I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) IV.w IV - Airway involvement
IV.w - Plugs/casts in the airways V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension VI.d VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.d - Pulmonary vasculitis or capillaritis VI.f VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.f - Hemolytic and uremic syndrome (HUS). See also under Xaf VII.a VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.a - Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic) VII.e VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.e - Granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.b X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.b - Antiphospholipid antibodies w/wo the APL syndrome X.c X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.c - Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.j X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.j - Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba) X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic) X.u X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.u - Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF) XI.n XI - Miscellaneous
XI.n - Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis) XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib) XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.e XV - Pathology
XV.e - Path: ILD with a granulomatous component (see also Im) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XV.k XV - Pathology
XV.k - Path: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP-pattern) XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo