X.f
Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
An absolute emergency. Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions (Review at PMID 28800865). Drug-induced anaphylaxis can be fatal (PMID 25280385). Drugs (NSAIDs, antibiotics, RCM) are foremost as a cause of anaphylaxis (PMID: 25553259). Expression is more severe and treatment more difficult in patients who were receiving beta-blockers prior to the episode (PMID 6114116, 6146275). Angioedema, bronchospasm, shock common. Consider i.m. epinephrine and liberal fluid administration quickly. See also under shock (XIIn ) and PMID 17378256 & 22467837. Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions usually develop unexpectedly. Can be severe and/or prolonged. Fatal in about 2%. Clinically, anaphylaxis is a systemic reaction with flushing, cramping, shock, laryngeal edema, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, empty vena cava syndrome, and/or the locked lung. Can lead to death within minutes from angioedema, bronchospasm, cardiac arrest and/or pulmonary edema (PMID: 16916722, 22467837, 28611774). Rechallenge with the drug for diagnostic purposes must be avoided. See also under IVb, VIIIa and b and X. Guidelines at PMID 15753926. Reviews, epidemiologic surveys at PMID 10823122, 12733472, 15073989, 16916722, 1789822,19217731, 19901808, 22987983, 22467837, 23741979, 24881890, 25538414, 29950872. Operative anaphylaxis is a severe form of anaphylaxis: PMID 19143700, 24251246, 22467837. All drugs that cause anaphylaxis may not be listed here. Guidelines, see also under PMID 24909803 and http://publications.nice.org.uk/anaphylaxis-assessment-to-confirm-an-anaphylactic-episode-and-the-decision-to-refer-after-emergency-cg134/introduction. A series of DI anaphylaxis with >1000 cases has been published in 2017 (PMID 29086147).
Causative drugs
Ciprofloxacin
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) VIII.c VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.c - Upper airway obstruction other than angioedema or hematoma X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XV.b XV - Pathology
XV.b - Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic) XV.e XV - Pathology
XV.e - Path: ILD with a granulomatous component (see also Im)
Cisplatin
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.f VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.f - Hemolytic and uremic syndrome (HUS). See also under Xaf IX.f IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.f - Hiccup X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP) XII.ag XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ag - Bradycardia
Cocaine
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.t I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.t - Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, talcosis...) I.z I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.z - An area or areas of consolidation II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.b III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.b - Pneumorenal syndrome (w/wo ANCAs) III.c III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.c - Hemoptysis III.n III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.n - Alveolar hemorrhage (subclinical, or as a BAL feature) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) IV.o IV - Airway involvement
IV.o - Airway hyperresponsiveness V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax V.ab V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.ab - Pneumothorax, bilateral VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension VI.l VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.l - Acute pulmonary vasoconstriction and PHT VII.h VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.h - Pneumomediastinum VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) VIII.c VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.c - Upper airway obstruction other than angioedema or hematoma VIII.i VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.i - Midline destructive lesions VIII.w VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.w - Uvulitis, uvular edema VIII.ah VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.ah - Tracheal polyps VIII.ai VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.ai - Nasal, palatal and/or pharyngeal pathology VIII.ak VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.ak - Rhinitis medicamentosa VIII.ap VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.ap - Airway foreign body IX.k IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.k - Trismus (lockjaw) IX.o IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.o - Pneumorachis X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.h X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.h - Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss) X.j X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.j - Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba) X.m X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.m - Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative) X.o X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.o - Neutrophilic dermatosis (Pyoderma, Sweet syndrome) X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive X.u X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.u - Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF) X.x X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.x - Subclinical ANCA positivity X.ac X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ac - Anti-GBM antibody disease (Goodpasture-like or flare of preexisting GS) X.ad X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ad - Skin purpura, ecchymoses or necrosis X.as X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.as - Scleroderma renal crisis XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent XI.m XI - Miscellaneous
XI.m - Pulmonary emphysema - Lung cysts or bullae XI.n XI - Miscellaneous
XI.n - Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis) XI.r XI - Miscellaneous
XI.r - Death following exposure or poisoning XI.ae XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ae - Barotrauma (incl. pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, interstitial ephysema...) XI.az XI - Miscellaneous
XI.az - Sneezing (may cause pulmonary barotrauma) XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic) XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP) XII.y XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.y - Pneumopericardium XII.ae XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ae - Aortic dissection XII.af XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.af - Coronary vasospasm - Vasospastic angina XII.aj XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.aj - Systemic arterial thrombosis XII.ap XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ap - Coronary artery dissection XIV.c XIV - Hemoglobinopathies - Abnormal hemoglobin states (acquired)
XIV.c - Carboxyhemoglobinemia XV.b XV - Pathology
XV.b - Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic) XV.g XV - Pathology
XV.g - Path: Alveolar hemorrhage (see also IIIa) XV.h XV - Pathology
XV.h - Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern XV.s XV - Pathology
XV.s - Path: Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, talcosis, talcoma) XV.w XV - Pathology
XV.w - Path: Pulmonary edema (see also II/IIa) XV.aw XV - Pathology
XV.aw - Path: Skin vasculopathy/vasculitis/fibrin thrombi XVI.k XVI - Imaging
XVI.k - Imaging: An area or areas of consolidation XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections
Codeine
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.f II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.f - Hypoxemia, low oxygen saturation (may occur in isolation) IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
Corticosteroids, systemic (oral, parenteral)
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.b III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.b - Pneumorenal syndrome (w/wo ANCAs) IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.e VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.e - Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome VI.ad VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.ad - Right ventricular outflow tract compression VII.c VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.c - Mediastinal lipomatosis VII.g VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.g - Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma VII.h VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.h - Pneumomediastinum VII.j VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.j - Compression of mediastinal structures/organs VIII.g VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.g - Tracheal narrowing - Sabre sheath trachea IX.a IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.a - Diaphragm/inspiratory muscle weakness/paralysis (w/wo ARF) IX.f IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.f - Hiccup IX.m IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.m - Epidural thoracic lipomatosis IX.p IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.p - Disordered breathing during sleep - Sleep apnea IX.v IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.v - Generalized myopathy/muscle weakness X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) X.as X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.as - Scleroderma renal crisis X.ba X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ba - Rhabdomyolysis (see also under Xj) XI.v XI - Miscellaneous
XI.v - Rib fracture XI.ag XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ag - Vertebral compression fracture XI.ai XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ai - Cushing syndrome XI.at XI - Miscellaneous
XI.at - Diminished efficacy of antineoplastic immunotherapy XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP) XII.v XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.v - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy XVI.at XVI - Imaging
XVI.at - Imaging: Subpleural fat deposits XVI.au XVI - Imaging
XVI.au - Imaging: Mediastinal fatty deposits XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.c XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.c - Aspergillosis, pulmonary (invasive, allergic [ABPA], or mycetoma) XVII.d XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.d - Pneumocystis jiroveci pulmonary colonization XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.j XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.j - Mucormycosis (pulmonary, tracheobronchial or systemic) XVII.m XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.m - Fungal airway infection XVII.o XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.o - Nocardia pulmonary/systemic infection XVII.r XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.r - Fungal infection (pulmonary/extrapulmonary) XVII.v XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.v - Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection (w/wo DAH) XVII.w XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.w - Hypogammaglobulinemia - Antibody deficiency XVII.ai XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.ai - A falsely negative/indeterminate IGRA test result
Cyclophosphamide
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.l I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf) I.x I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.x - Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) I.aa I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.aa - Delayed ILD, -pneumonitis, -fibrosis II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) V.b V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.b - Eosinophilic pleural effusion V.c V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.c - Pleural thickening V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax VI.c VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.c - Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease IX.f IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.f - Hiccup X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent XI.c XI - Miscellaneous
XI.c - Pleuritic chest pain XI.p XI - Miscellaneous
XI.p - Chest deformity: platythorax XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade) XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic) XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction XII.s XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.s - Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-) XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib) XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XV.h XV - Pathology
XV.h - Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern XV.i XV - Pathology
XV.i - Path: Pneumocyte atypia (reactive epithelial cells) (a.k.a. the "Napoleon Hat" sign) XV.ak XV - Pathology
XV.ak - Path: Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) XV.ap XV - Pathology
XV.ap - Path: Pleuroparenchymal fibrosis/fibroelastosis (PPFE) XVI.ap XVI - Imaging
XVI.ap - Imaging: Pleural thickening w/wo rounded atelectasis XVI.bl XVI - Imaging
XVI.bl - Imaging: An area or areas of avid tracer uptake in the lung/chest on 18F-PET scan XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia XIX.a XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.a - BAL: An excess proportion of lymphocytes
Cyclosporine
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.n I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.n - Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury IV.k IV - Airway involvement
IV.k - Bronchiectasis VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.c X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.c - Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XI.ab XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ab - Gingival hypertrophy XIII.b XIII - Neoplastic conditions
XIII.b - Lymphoproliferative disease (pulmonary, endobronchial, endothoracic) XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib) XV.n XV - Pathology
XV.n - Path: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis pattern (PAP pattern) XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.c XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.c - Aspergillosis, pulmonary (invasive, allergic [ABPA], or mycetoma) XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.o XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.o - Nocardia pulmonary/systemic infection
Daclizumab
X.a - DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.k X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.k - Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (endo-/extrathoracic) XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent XI.n XI - Miscellaneous
XI.n - Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis) XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia
Daptomycin
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.k I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.k - Lung nodule or nodules I.x I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.x - Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) I.z I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.z - An area or areas of consolidation II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XV.b XV - Pathology
XV.b - Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic) XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.d XV - Pathology
XV.d - Path: Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP-pattern) (see also If) XVI.k XVI - Imaging
XVI.k - Imaging: An area or areas of consolidation XIX.b XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.b - BAL: An excess proportion of neutrophils XIX.c XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.c - BAL: An excess proportion of eosinophils XXI.e XXI - Rechallenge data
XXI.e - Rechallenge may not necessarily lead to relapse of AE/ILD
Deferoxamine
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
Dextran
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.b IV - Airway involvement
IV.b - Bronchospasm and angioedema IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XXIV.h XXIV - Veterinary medicine
XXIV.h - Veterinary: Anaphylaxis/Anaphylactoid reaction
Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XI.r XI - Miscellaneous
XI.r - Death following exposure or poisoning XII.n XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.n - Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension
Dipyridamole
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.b IV - Airway involvement
IV.b - Bronchospasm and angioedema IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis) IX.i IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.i - Respiratory arrest - Apnea X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy XII.m XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.m - Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest XII.n XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.n - Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension
Dipyrone
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
Doxycycline
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma X.d X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.d - Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.o X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.o - Neutrophilic dermatosis (Pyoderma, Sweet syndrome) X.s X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.s - Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive
Dyes
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) IV.aa IV - Airway involvement
IV.aa - Occupational asthma VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension VIII.a VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.a - Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XI.a XI - Miscellaneous
XI.a - Cyanosis, a low SpO2 and normal measured PaO2 XIV.a XIV - Hemoglobinopathies - Abnormal hemoglobin states (acquired)
XIV.a - Methemoglobinemia
Ecstasy (MDMA)
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.g II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.g - Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax VII.h VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.h - Pneumomediastinum VIII.b VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.b - Hematoma of/around central airway wall potentially causing UAO VIII.c VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.c - Upper airway obstruction other than angioedema or hematoma X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.ag X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ag - The serotonin syndrome XI.g XI - Miscellaneous
XI.g - Aspiration, aspiration pneumonia (w/wo demonstrable pharyngeal dysmotility) XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.b XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.b - Valvular heart disease and/or dysfunction XII.d XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.d - Myocarditis (can be fulminant) XII.y XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.y - Pneumopericardium