VI.e

Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome

Migration of exogenous oil or lipids or endogenous fat into the distal pulmonary microcirculation can cause a syndrome of acute coughing, hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary infiltrates and/or ARDS. Neurologic or visual impairment and obtundation characterizes those cases with transpulmonary shunting of oil/fat and have a guarded prognosis. Silicone embolism (see under VIm) is a closely-related syndrome. Iodinated oil embolism, a nearly specific complication of TACE is electron-dense on imaging (better visualized on non-enhanced CT). Imaging features: PMID 23102488. Review and pathology: PMID 29939780.

Last update : 01/01/1970
 

Causative drugs

24

Amphotericin B (infusion)

1

Anabolic androgenic steroids

I.j I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.j - Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (subacute, acute) I.n I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.n - Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic II.f II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.f - Hypoxemia, low oxygen saturation (may occur in isolation) III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.x IV - Airway involvement
IV.x - Transient hacking cough VI.e VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.e - Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome X.u X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.u - Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF) XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade) XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic) XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP) XII.o XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.o - Coronary artery disease (subacute, chronic) XII.v XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.v - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy XII.ai XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.ai - Cardiotoxicity XV.n XV - Pathology
XV.n - Path: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis pattern (PAP pattern) XV.p XV - Pathology
XV.p - Path: Exogenous lipoid pneumonia XV.bu XV - Pathology
XV.bu - Path: Pulmonary peliosis
1

Cement (bone cement, kyphoplasty, vertebroplasty)

1

Chemical abortion

1

Corticosteroids, systemic (oral, parenteral)

I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.d II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) III.b III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.b - Pneumorenal syndrome (w/wo ANCAs) IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.e VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.e - Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome VI.ad VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.ad - Right ventricular outflow tract compression VII.c VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.c - Mediastinal lipomatosis VII.g VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.g - Hemomediastinum - Mediastinal hematoma VII.h VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.h - Pneumomediastinum VII.j VII - Mediastinal involvement
VII.j - Compression of mediastinal structures/organs VIII.g VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.g - Tracheal narrowing - Sabre sheath trachea IX.a IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.a - Diaphragm/inspiratory muscle weakness/paralysis (w/wo ARF) IX.f IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.f - Hiccup IX.m IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.m - Epidural thoracic lipomatosis IX.p IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.p - Disordered breathing during sleep - Sleep apnea IX.v IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.v - Generalized myopathy/muscle weakness X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) X.as X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.as - Scleroderma renal crisis X.ba X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ba - Rhabdomyolysis (see also under Xj) XI.v XI - Miscellaneous
XI.v - Rib fracture XI.ag XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ag - Vertebral compression fracture XI.ai XI - Miscellaneous
XI.ai - Cushing syndrome XI.at XI - Miscellaneous
XI.at - Diminished efficacy of antineoplastic immunotherapy XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.l XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.l - Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP) XII.v XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.v - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy XVI.at XVI - Imaging
XVI.at - Imaging: Subpleural fat deposits XVI.au XVI - Imaging
XVI.au - Imaging: Mediastinal fatty deposits XVII.a XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.a - Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.c XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.c - Aspergillosis, pulmonary (invasive, allergic [ABPA], or mycetoma) XVII.d XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.d - Pneumocystis jiroveci pulmonary colonization XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.g XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.g - Tuberculosis (pulmonary, pulmonary, extrapulmonary or disseminated). Reactivation or de novo XVII.j XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.j - Mucormycosis (pulmonary, tracheobronchial or systemic) XVII.m XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.m - Fungal airway infection XVII.o XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.o - Nocardia pulmonary/systemic infection XVII.r XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.r - Fungal infection (pulmonary/extrapulmonary) XVII.v XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.v - Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection (w/wo DAH) XVII.w XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.w - Hypogammaglobulinemia - Antibody deficiency XVII.ai XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.ai - A falsely negative/indeterminate IGRA test result
1

Excipients, erroneously/deliberately administered i.v.

2

Excipients-Vehicle-Preservatives (of drugs)

I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.m I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.m - ILD with a granulomatous component I.t I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.t - Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, talcosis...) II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) IV.i IV - Airway involvement
IV.i - Foreign body aspiration bronchiolitis VI.b VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.b - Pulmonary arterial hypertension VI.e VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.e - Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome VI.g VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.g - Foreign body pulmonary vasculopathy (Excipient lung disease) X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.u X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.u - Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF) X.bh X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.bh - Protracted, prolonged anaphylaxis XI.d XI - Miscellaneous
XI.d - Metabolic acidosis (incl. lactic acidosis/-gap). May cause hyperpnea/dyspnea XII.n XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.n - Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension XV.q XV - Pathology
XV.q - Path: Foreign body deposits/granulomatous reaction XV.ae XV - Pathology
XV.ae - Path: Lipid/fat embolism (see also VIe) XVI.q XVI - Imaging
XVI.q - Imaging: A pattern similar/consistent to/with IPF XVI.v XVI - Imaging
XVI.v - Imaging: Centrilobular micronodules (can be diffuse)
1

G/GM-CSF

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.f II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.f - Hypoxemia, low oxygen saturation (may occur in isolation) IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.e VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.e - Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome X.c X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.c - Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) X.o X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.o - Neutrophilic dermatosis (Pyoderma, Sweet syndrome) X.ao X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ao - Flare of preexisting vasculitis XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent XII.h XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.h - Eosinophilic myocarditis XII.at XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.at - Aortitis XIX.b XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.b - BAL: An excess proportion of neutrophils
1

Lipids (parenteral)

2

Lipiodol - Iodinated/iodized oil (RCM)

2

Liposuction

2

Lymphography

1

Monooctanoin

1

Oil - Paraffin - Lipids (i.v.)

2

Oil-/lipid-based formulations (parenteral)

2

Progesterone

1

Propofol

II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.f II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.f - Hypoxemia, low oxygen saturation (may occur in isolation) II.i II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.i - Flash (fulminate) pulmonary edema IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.b IV - Airway involvement
IV.b - Bronchospasm and angioedema IV.d IV - Airway involvement
IV.d - Cough (lone) IV.e IV - Airway involvement
IV.e - Cough (acute, violent, explosive) IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) VI.e VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.e - Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome VIII.h VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
VIII.h - Vocal cord dysfunction, adduction, closure, injury IX.d IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.d - Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis) IX.i IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.i - Respiratory arrest - Apnea IX.p IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.p - Disordered breathing during sleep - Sleep apnea X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.u X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.u - Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF) X.aa X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.aa - Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) XI.d XI - Miscellaneous
XI.d - Metabolic acidosis (incl. lactic acidosis/-gap). May cause hyperpnea/dyspnea XI.r XI - Miscellaneous
XI.r - Death following exposure or poisoning XI.x XI - Miscellaneous
XI.x - Addictive risk XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.m XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.m - Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest XII.n XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.n - Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension XII.w XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.w - Asystole XV.ae XV - Pathology
XV.ae - Path: Lipid/fat embolism (see also VIe) XXIV.h XXIV - Veterinary medicine
XXIV.h - Veterinary: Anaphylaxis/Anaphylactoid reaction
1

Radiocontrast media (RCM)

I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.j I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.j - Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (subacute, acute) I.v I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.v - Abnormal lung function/pulmonary physiology (PFTs) without necessarily imaging or clinical evidence II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.h II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.h - Overload pulmonary edema (including posttransfusional (TACO)) II.i II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.i - Flash (fulminate) pulmonary edema III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma IV.b IV - Airway involvement
IV.b - Bronchospasm and angioedema IV.f IV - Airway involvement
IV.f - Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal) VI.e VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.e - Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome VI.aa VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.aa - Lipiodol pulmonary embolism X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) X.ap X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.ap - Delayed anaphylaxis XVIII.h XVIII - Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'
XVIII.h - Eye-catcher: Lipiodol embolism
1

Status post-liver transplantation

1

Synthol

1

Testosterone undecanoate

1

Transhepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE)

I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.c I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.c - Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.e I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.e - Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) I.y I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.y - Progression, acceleration or exacerbation of preexisting ILD/fibrosis I.z I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.z - An area or areas of consolidation II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) VI.a VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.a - Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism VI.e VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.e - Fat/oil embolism - The FES embolism syndrome VI.v VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.v - Foreign body/substance pulmonary embolism VI.aa VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.aa - Lipiodol pulmonary embolism XI.aa XI - Miscellaneous
XI.aa - CNS symptoms or involvement, stroke XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XVI.s XVI - Imaging
XVI.s - Imaging: An area or areas of involvement with high attenuation numbers or metallic density XVIII.h XVIII - Distinctive patterns - 'Eye-catchers'
XVIII.h - Eye-catcher: Lipiodol embolism
2

Vertebroplasty (kyphoplasty)

1

Vitamin E (parenteral)

1

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