The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

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XVI - Imaging

Imaging: Tumoral cavitation

Last update 17/06/2026

Or pulmonary or thymic (PMID 23486269) tumors or metastases. Pneumothorax may ensue. An air-fluid level in the cavity or pleural space is suggestive. See also under XIw

Causative drugs

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Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

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