II.a

Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)

(Fr: OAP non cardiogénique). A.k.a. permeability edema. Typically acute and florid. Less often subaute/benign. PE is common following drug overdose, especially when given I.V.. May accompany anaphylactic shock (PMID 29086053). May cause the ARDS picture. Drug-induced pulmonary edema cases generally have an acute or sudden onset, and are noncardiac (normal heart US and wedge pressure when measured) (NCPE). Transient fleeting pulmonary infiltrates were often reported as 'acute allergic pulmonary edema'. Hyperacute PE cases are sometimes called 'flash pulmonary edema' (see under IIi). Severe NCPE cases may exhibit the characteristic of ARDS (PMID 3532567, 15062601, 7555128, 1914570). The diagnosis of NCPE is raised when timing of the reaction is shortly (seconds to minutes) following administration of the causal drug or agent. NCPE is also a feature of anaphylaxis episodes (PMID 24376328). Patients with pulmonary hypertension are prone to the development of vasoldilator-induced NCPE (see under NO and other pulmonary vasodilator drugs). NCPE will generally relapse if the patient is reexposed to the drug. Note: overzealous administration of i.v. fluids or blood to a patient whose cardiocirculatory system cannot accomodate it may cause overload (hydrostatic) pulmonary edema (IIh) or TACO

Last update : 01/01/1970
 

Causative drugs

224

Cyclophosphamide

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis I.l I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf) I.x I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.x - Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) I.aa I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.aa - Delayed ILD, -pneumonitis, -fibrosis II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) IV.a IV - Airway involvement
IV.a - Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) V.b V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.b - Eosinophilic pleural effusion V.c V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.c - Pleural thickening V.f V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.f - Pneumothorax VI.c VI - Pulmonary vasculopathies
VI.c - Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease IX.f IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing during sleep
IX.f - Hiccup X.f X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.f - Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal) XI.b XI - Miscellaneous
XI.b - Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent XI.c XI - Miscellaneous
XI.c - Pleuritic chest pain XI.p XI - Miscellaneous
XI.p - Chest deformity: platythorax XII.a XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.a - Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade) XII.f XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.f - Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic) XII.g XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.g - Coronary artery disease (acute) - Myocardial ischemia/infarction XII.s XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.s - Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-) XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib) XV.c XV - Pathology
XV.c - Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XV.h XV - Pathology
XV.h - Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern XV.i XV - Pathology
XV.i - Path: Pneumocyte atypia (reactive epithelial cells) (a.k.a. the "Napoleon Hat" sign) XV.ak XV - Pathology
XV.ak - Path: Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) XV.ap XV - Pathology
XV.ap - Path: Pleuroparenchymal fibrosis/fibroelastosis (PPFE) XVI.ap XVI - Imaging
XVI.ap - Imaging: Pleural thickening w/wo rounded atelectasis XVI.bl XVI - Imaging
XVI.bl - Imaging: An area or areas of avid tracer uptake in the lung/chest on 18F-PET scan XVII.b XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.b - Opportunistic pulmonary/systemic infections XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XVII.q XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.q - Viral pneumonia XIX.a XIX - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
XIX.a - BAL: An excess proportion of lymphocytes
1

Cyclophosphamide (i.v infusional)

1

Cytosine arabinoside - Aracytine - Cytarabine - Ara-C

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.d I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.d - Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging) I.k I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.k - Lung nodule or nodules I.l I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.l - Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf) II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) V.i V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.i - Pleuritis (can cause chest pain) V.m V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.m - Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative) X.c X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.c - Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) X.o X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.o - Neutrophilic dermatosis (Pyoderma, Sweet syndrome) XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade) XII.e XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.e - Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XVI.v XVI - Imaging
XVI.v - Imaging: Centrilobular micronodules (can be diffuse) XVII.e XVII - Infections & related conditions
XVII.e - Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia XXIV.a XXIV - Veterinary medicine
XXIV.a - Veterinary: Pneumonitis - Interstitial lung disease
3

Deferoxamine

1

Desipramine

1

Dexamethasone

1

Dextran

1

Dextromethorphan

1

Diatrizoic acid (gastrografin)

1

Dibenzepin

1

Diltiazem

1

Dinitrophenol (2, 4-dinitrophenol or DNP)

1

Diphenhydramine

1

Dipyridamole

1

Docetaxel

I.a I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.a - Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS) I.b I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.b - Pneumonitis (ILD) I.g I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
I.g - Pulmonary fibrosis II.a II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.a - Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE) II.b II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.b - ARDS - Acute lung injury II.j II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
II.j - Transient pulmonary opacities/infiltrates (see also under Iav) III.a III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
III.a - Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH) V.a V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
V.a - Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs) X.c X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.c - Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) X.g X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.g - Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement) X.n X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.n - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) X.r X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
X.r - Fluid retention XII.c XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.c - Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade) XII.m XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity
XII.m - Cardiac- cardiorespiratory/pulmonary arrest XV.a XV - Pathology
XV.a - Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib) XV.f XV - Pathology
XV.f - Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL) XV.h XV - Pathology
XV.h - Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern
2

Drug overdose

5

Dyes

1

Ecstasy (MDMA)

1

Electroconvulsive therapy

1

Epoprostenol

3

Ergometrine

1

Ergonovine

1

Ethchlorvynol

1

Ethylene glycol butyl ether

1

Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (e.g. Onyx (R))

1

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