The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease
Pneumonitis (interstitial lung disease/ILD)
Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP)
Irreversible respiratory damage requiring lung Tx
XLI - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
XLV - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
XLVII - Mediastinal involvement
XLIX - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction
Autoimmunity-Autoimmune conditions (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)
Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
ANCA positivity. Subclinical or with clinical manifestations
LIII - Hemoglobinopathies - Abnormal hemoglobin states (acquired)
LV - Imaging
LVII - Cytological, biochemical features of/in BAL, pleural fluid or FNA
LVIII - Pathology
Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib)
Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic)
Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL)
Path: Resolving alveolar damage
Path: NSIP-fibrotic pattern
Path: Delayed Alveolar Injury with Delayed Epithelialization (DAIDE)