The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

LIII.a

Methemoglobinemia

Publications

Strok AB, Kostyleva MN, Kostina AV

Drug-induced methemoglobinemia in a child with comorbidity and polypragmasia: Case report.

The International journal of risk & safety in medicine 2026 May;37 — 2026 May — 213-217

Kawasumi H, Tanaka E, Hoshi D, Kawaguchi Y, Yamanaka H

Methemoglobinemia induced by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2013;52;1741-3 — 2013 — 1741-3

Kohl BA, Domski A, Pavan K, Fortino M

Use of telemedicine for the identification and treatment of sulfamethoxazole-induced methaemoglobinemia.

Journal of telemedicine and telecare 2012 Sep;18;362-4 — 2012 Sep — 362-4

López A, Bernardo B, López-Herce J, Cristina AI, Carrillo A

Methaemoglobinaemia secondary to treatment with trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole associated with inhaled nitric oxide.

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 1999 Aug;88;915-6 — 1999 Aug — 915-6