Levamisole-adulterated/tainted cocaine
See PMID 25544694, 26974713, 29099568, 29782427
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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
XLII - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding
XLIV - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
XLV - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement
XLVI - Pulmonary vasculopathy
XLVIII - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)
XLIX - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions
XLIX.l
Myopathy-Myositis-Polymyositis (see also under Xba)
XLIX.q
Neutrophilic dermatosis (Pyoderma, Sweet syndrome)
XLIX.u
Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive
XLIX.af
Skin purpura, ecchymoses or necrosis
XLIX.am
Dual MPO-/PR3-ANCA systemic disease/vasculitis/pseudovasculitis