The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Anabolic androgenic steroids

Complications of anabolic steroids (e.g mesterolone, nandrolone, stanozolol, tamoxifen, testosterone) depend on dose, duration and route of administration. For instance, oil embolism syndrome can be seen post-injection and cardiomyopathy and CAD are seen with chronic buccaly-administered steroids. Special attention required in bodybuilders. Oily excipients may play a role. Some bodybuilders also inject themselves with Synthol. Watching social networks for undisclosed information on adverse effects can be useful

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic