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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Neuroleptics - Antipsychotics

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

II.b

ARDS - Acute lung injury

VI - Pulmonary vasculopathy

VI.a

Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism

VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.e

Laryngospasm (a.k.a. laryngismus)
VIII.h

Vocal cord dysfunction, adduction, closure, injury
VIII.as

Acute laryngeal dystonia

IX - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)

IX.b

Respiratory dyskinesia
IX.c

Chest wall muscle rigidity - Stiff/wooden chest
IX.k

Trismus (lockjaw)

XI - Miscellaneous

XI.g

Aspiration, aspiration pneumonia (w/wo demonstrable pharyngeal dysmotility)

XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.ai

Cardiotoxicity

XV - Pathology

XV.c

Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id)
XV.f

Path: Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD-pattern) (see also IL)

XVII - Infections & related conditions

XVII.a

Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia

XXVII - Esophageal involvement

XXVII.c

Esophageal dysmotility
XXVII.d

Dysphagia