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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Carbamazepine

See also other anticonvulsants

DRESS also described with oxcarbamazepine

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.a

Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may produce the ARDS pattern)
I.b

Pneumonitis (interstitial lung disease/ILD)
I.c

Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
I.d

Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
I.e

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
I.k

Lung nodule or nodules
I.l

Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf)

II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

II.a

Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
II.b

ARDS - Acute lung injury

IV - Airway involvement

IV.a

Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma

V - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

V.a

Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs)
V.d

Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)

VII - Mediastinal involvement

VII.a

Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic)
VII.b

Lymphadenopathy with reactive changes

X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.a

DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction
X.d

Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd)
X.m

Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative)

XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XII.a

Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure
XII.c

Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
XII.d

Myocarditis (can be fulminant)
XII.l

Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)
XII.s

Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)

XIII - Neoplastic conditions

XIII.b

Lymphoproliferative disease (pulmonary, endobronchial, endothoracic)

XV - Pathology

XV.a

Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib)
XV.b

Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic)
XV.c

Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id)
XV.e

Path: ILD with a granulomatous component (see also Im)

XVI - Imaging

XVI.ab

Imaging: Cavitating/cavitary lung nodule, mass or nodules (see also Iq, XIs, XIIi, XVIaa and XVIIp)