Philippe Camus, M.D.

Dijon, France

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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Carbamazepine

See also other anticonvulsants

DRESS also described with oxcarbamazepine

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.a

Pneumonitis (interstitial lung disease/ILD)
I.b

Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may cause ARDS)
I.c

Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
I.d

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
I.e

Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
I.l

Lung nodule or nodules
I.m

Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) (see alsoo under IIb and XVf)

XLI - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

XLI.a

Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
XLI.e

ARDS - Acute lung injury

XLIII - Airway involvement

XLIII.a

Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma

XLV - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

XLV.a

Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs)
XLV.d

Pleural/pericardial effusion, ANA positive (DI lupus)

XLVII - Mediastinal involvement

XLVII.a

Lymphadenopathy (intrathoracic)
XLVII.b

Lymphadenopathy with reactive changes

XLIX - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

XLIX.a

DRES syndrome - DRESS-like reaction
XLIX.d

Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd)
XLIX.o

Vascultis (pulmonary, extrathoracic or systemic)-ANCA status unknown or negative)

LI - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

LI.a

Left or biventricular dysfunction/failure
LI.c

Pericardial effusion (w/wo tamponade)
LI.d

Myocarditis (can be fulminant)
LI.n

Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)
LI.t

Heart block (bundle branch- or AV-)

LV - Imaging

LV.ac

Imaging: Cavitating/cavitary lung nodule, mass or nodules (see also Iq, XIs, XIIi, XVIaa and XVIIp)

LVIII - Pathology

LVIII.a

Path: NSIP-cellular pattern (see also Ia, Ib)
LVIII.b

Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic)
LVIII.d

Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id)
LVIII.f

Path: ILD with a granulomatous component (see also Im)

LX - Neoplastic conditions

LX.b

Lymphoproliferative disease (pulmonary, endobronchial, endothoracic)