Philippe Camus, M.D.

Dijon, France

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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Inhalants (volatile substances)

Including abused chloroform toluene, thinners and aromatic compounds used in buiding and construction, wet repellants for shoes or apparel (PMID 8638168, 16803657, 29413507). For history taking, one may search the internet for 'Glossary of drug-related slang/street language'. Identification and quantification of substances indicated in forensic medicine/pathology. Can be fatal

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

III - Pulmonary/alveolar./airway hemorrhage/bleeding

V - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VI - Pleural and/or pericardial involvement

VIII - Mediastinal involvement

XI - Miscellaneous

XII - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

XIV - Hemoglobinopathies - Abnormal hemoglobin states (acquired)

XIX - Pathology

XXVI - Veterinary medicine