Pneumotox » Drug » Clozapine

Clozapine

5

Last update : 01/03/2026

I.b Pneumonitis (ILD)

1

I.c Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)

1

IV.a Bronchospasm - Wheezing - Asthma

1

V.a Pleural effusion (uni- or bilateral) (can accompany DI-LDs)

2

V.b Eosinophilic pleural effusion

1

V.m Pleuropericarditis - Pleuropericardial effusion (ANA unknown or negative)

2

VI.a Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism

3

VIII.a Angioedema (may cause UAO, asphyxia and death)

1

IX.f Hiccup

1

X.e Autoimmunity-Autoimmune conditions (+ANA, +anti-ds-DNA, +ANCAs, other auto-Abs)

1

X.o Neutrophilic dermatosis (Pyoderma, Sweet syndrome)

1

X.s Vasculitis, pulmonary (w/wo AH), extrapulmonary, systemic: ANCA-positive

1

X.u Multiple organ dysfunction/failure (MODS/MOF)

1

XI.g Aspiration, aspiration pneumonia (w/wo demonstrable pharyngeal dysmotility)

1

XI.n Neutropenia, agranulocytosis (w/wo infection/sepsis)

2

XI.ak Sialorrhea - Drooling

1

XII.d Myocarditis (can be fulminant)

5

XII.f Cardiomyopathy (acute, subacute, chronic)

1

XII.h Eosinophilic myocarditis

1

XII.ai Cardiotoxicity

1

XV.cb Path: Lymphocytic myocarditis

1

XV.cc Path: Eosinophilic myocarditis

1

Diagnosing DIRD

1

Drug and radiation history

2

Drug singularity - Correct identification of the drug

3

Consistent timing of exposure v. onset of symptoms

4

Clinical, imaging, BAL, pathological pattern consistent with the specific drug

5

Careful exlusion of another cause

6

Remission of symptoms with removal of drug

7

Recurrence with rechallenge (rarely advisable)

8

Causality assessment

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