The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Anticoagulants, oral (vitamin K antagonists-VKA)

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

IV.af

Calcification of tracheobronchial cartilaginous rings

Publications

Jo SH, Choi YJ, Cho GY, Kim HS, Jung KS, Rhim CY

Tracheal calcification.

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne 2008 Jul 29;179;291 — 2008 Jul 29 — 291

Joshi A, Berdon WE, Ruzal-Shapiro C, Barst RJ

CT detection of tracheobronchial calcification in an 18-year-old on maintenance warfarin sodium therapy: cause and effect?

AJR. American journal of roentgenology 2000 Sep;175;921-2 — 2000 Sep — 921-2

Moncada RM, Venta LA, Venta ER, Fareed J, Walenga JM, Messmore HL

Tracheal and bronchial cartilaginous rings: warfarin sodium-induced calcification.

Radiology 1992 Aug;184;437-9 — 1992 Aug — 437-9