The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)
Publications
Characteristics of fatal 'novel' synthetic opioid toxicity in Australia.
Drug and alcohol dependence 2022 Jan 10;232;109292 — 2022 Jan 10 — 109292
Fatal intoxication with new synthetic cannabinoids AMB-FUBINACA and EMB-FUBINACA.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) 2019 Feb 26;;1-6 — 2019 Feb 26 — 1-6
A new side effect of synthetic cannabinoid use by the bucket (waterpipe) method: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Turkish journal of emergency medicine 2018 Mar;18;42-44 — 2018 Mar — 42-44