The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Anticoagulants, oral (vitamin K antagonists-VKA)

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

VI.e

Hemothorax - Serosanguineous pleural effusion

Publications

Azfar Ali H, Lippmann M, Mundathaje U, Khaleeq G

Spontaneous hemothorax: a comprehensive review.

Chest 2008 Nov;134;1056-1065 — 2008 Nov — 1056-1065

Abaskaron M, Peterson G, Huang TY

Anterior mediastinal haematoma and left haemothorax on well-controlled oral anticoagulant therapy.

Postgraduate medical journal 1983 Feb;59;95-7 — 1983 Feb — 95-7

Simon HB, Daggett WM, DeSanctis RW

Hemothorax as a complication of anticoagulant therapy in the presence of pulmonary infarction.

JAMA 1969 Jun 09;208;1830-4 — 1969 Jun 09 — 1830-4