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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
XLI - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS
XLIV - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement
XLVIII - Neuromuscular / CNS involvement - Disordered breathing (during sleep)
XLVIII.c
Chest wall muscle rigidity - Stiff/wooden chest
XLVIII.d
Respiratory failure from ventilatory depression (due to neuromuscular blockade/paralysis)
XLVIII.e
Disordered breathing pattern incl. Cheyne-Stokes respiration
XLVIII.f
Hiccup
XLVIII.p
Disordered breathing during sleep - Sleep apnea
XLVIII.u
Central sleep apnea