The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

IX.p

Disordered breathing during sleep - Sleep apnea

Publications

Revol B, Jullian-Desayes I, Bailly S, Mallaret M, Tamisier R, Agier MS, Lador F, Joyeux-Faure M, Pépin JL

Baclofen and sleep apnoea syndrome: analysis of VigiBase, the WHO pharmacovigilance database.

The European respiratory journal. 2018;51(1)

Perogamvros L, Pépin JL, Thorens G, Mégevand P, Claudel E, Espa F, Besson M, Cervena K, Janssens JP, Lador F

Baclofen-Associated Onset of Central Sleep Apnea in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Case Report.

Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases. 2015;90(6):507-511

Bensmail D, Marquer A, Roche N, Godard AL, Lofaso F, Quera-Salva MA

Pilot study assessing the impact of intrathecal baclofen administration mode on sleep-related respiratory parameters.

Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2012;93(1):96-9