The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

II.a

Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)

Publications

Devlin RJ, Henry JA

Clinical review: Major consequences of illicit drug consumption.

Critical care (London, England). 2008;12(1):202

McCormick M, Nelson T

Cocaine-induced fatal acute eosinophilic pneumonia: a case report.

WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin. 2007;106(2):92-5

Hutter C

Cocaine and pulmonary oedema.

Anaesthesia. 2003;58(3):285-6

Albertson TE, Walby WF, Derlet RW

Stimulant-induced pulmonary toxicity.

Chest. 1995;108(4):1140-9

Hoffman CK, Goodman PC

Pulmonary edema in cocaine smokers.

Radiology. 1989;172(2):463-5

Ettinger NA, Albin RJ

A review of the respiratory effects of smoking cocaine.

The American journal of medicine. 1989;87(6):664-8