The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia
Publications
Unusual Suspect Causing Cavitary Pneumonia in a Vape Smoker.
Cureus 2026 Jan;18;e102582 — 2026 Jan
Electronic Vaping-Induced Methicillin-Sensitive Pneumonia and Empyema.
Case reports in infectious diseases 2021;2021;6651430 — 2021 — 6651430
[Electronic cigarettes - effects on health. Previous reports].
Przeglad lekarski 2014;71;644-7 — 2014 — 644-7
An unexpected consequence of electronic cigarette use.
Chest 2012 Apr;141;1110-1113 — 2012 Apr — 1110-1113