The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

IX.i

Respiratory arrest - Apnea

Publications

Lusetti M, Licata M, Silingardi E, Reggiani Bonetti L, Palmiere C

Therapeutic and recreational methadone cardiotoxicity.

Journal of forensic and legal medicine 2016 Apr;39;80-4 — 2016 Apr — 80-4

Swenson O

Accidental methadone intoxication masquerading as asthma exacerbation with respiratory arrest in a six-year-old boy.

Delaware medical journal 2015 May;87;147-9 — 2015 May — 147-9

Aghabiklooei A, Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Zamani N, Shadnia S, Mashayekhian M, Rahimi M, Nasouhi S, Ghoochani A

Effectiveness of naltrexone in the prevention of delayed respiratory arrest in opioid-naive methadone-intoxicated patients.

BioMed research international 2013;2013;903172 — 2013 — 903172