Philippe Camus, M.D.

Dijon, France

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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

IX.o

Pneumorachis

See: Challita, S., et al., Pneumorachis after cocaine sniffing. Respiratory Medicine Case Reports, 2014. 12: p. 10e12

Publications

Malik H, Mohandas S, Mukherjee D

Epidural pneumatosis as a consequence of cocaine use.

BMJ case reports 2012 Jul 11;2012; — 2012 Jul 11