The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

X.ak

Dual MPO-/PR3-ANCA systemic disease/vasculitis/pseudovasculitis

Publications

Kumar D, Batal I, Jim B, Mendez B, Anis K

Unusual case of levamisole-induced dual-positive ANCA vasculitis and crescentic glomerulonephritis.

BMJ case reports. 2018;2018

van der Veer T, Pennings E, Tervaert JW, Korswagen LA

Levamisole-contaminated cocaine: a hairy affair.

BMJ case reports. 2015;2015

Pendergraft WF 3rd, Niles JL

Trojan horses: drug culprits associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) vasculitis.

Current opinion in rheumatology. 2014;26(1):42-9