The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Phrenic nerve injury - Hemi- or bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis
Publications
Radiation-Induced Unilateral Diaphragmatic Paralysis Following Breast and Nodal Radiotherapy.
European journal of case reports in internal medicine 2025;12;005535 — 2025 — 005535
Bilateral phrenic nerve dysfunction: a late complication of mantle radiation.
Journal of neuro-oncology 2011 Jun;103;393-5 — 2011 Jun — 393-5