The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Path: Alveolar carbonaceous material or deposits
Publications
The histopathology of drugs of abuse.
Histopathology. 2011;59(4):579-93
Respiratory toxicities from stimulant use.
Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology. 1997;15(3):221-41
Little women, Texas, small numbers and coronary artery bypass grafting.
The American journal of cardiology. 1993;72(9):739-40
Pulmonary complications from alveolar accumulation of carbonaceous material in a cocaine smoker.
Chest. 1992;101(4):1171-3