The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

LI.n

Cardiac arrhythmias or dysrhythmias (AF, VT, VF, TdP)

Publications

Ramirez FD, Femenía F, Simpson CS, Redfearn DP, Michael KA, Baranchuk A

Electrocardiographic findings associated with cocaine use in humans: a systematic review.

Expert review of cardiovascular therapy 2012 Jan;10;105-27 — 2012 Jan — 105-27

Secemsky E, Lange D, Waters DD, Goldschlager NF, Hsue PY

Hemodynamic and arrhythmogenic effects of cocaine in hypertensive individuals.

Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) 2011 Oct;13;744-9 — 2011 Oct — 744-9

Levenson T, Greenberger PA, Donoghue ER, Lifschultz BD

Asthma deaths confounded by substance abuse. An assessment of fatal asthma.

Chest 1996 Sep;110;604-10 — 1996 Sep — 604-10