The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Death following exposure or poisoning
Publications
Methadone overdose in patients following methadone mainte- nance treatment:A three years overview in the district of Bari (South-Italy).
La Clinica terapeutica 2021 May 05;172;247-249 — 2021 May 05 — 247-249
Therapeutic and recreational methadone cardiotoxicity.
Journal of forensic and legal medicine 2016 Apr;39;80-4 — 2016 Apr — 80-4
Evaluation of poly-drug use in methadone-related fatalities using segmental hair analysis.
Forensic science international 2015 Mar;248;134-9 — 2015 Mar — 134-9
Prognostic factors in acute methadone toxicity: a 5-year study.
Journal of toxicology 2014;2014;341826 — 2014 — 341826
Winklhofer S, Surer E, Ampanozi G, Ruder T, Stolzmann P, Elliott M, Oestreich A, Kraemer T, Thali M, Alkadhi H, Schweitzer W
Post-mortem whole body computed tomography of opioid (heroin and methadone) fatalities: frequent findings and comparison to autopsy.
European radiology 2014 Jun;24;1276-82 — 2014 Jun — 1276-82
Contributing factors to methadone-related deaths in Ontario.
The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology 2010 Dec;31;313-9 — 2010 Dec — 313-9