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The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

I - Interstitial/parenchymal lung disease

I.a

Pneumonitis (ILD), acute and/or severe (may produce the ARDS pattern)
I.b

Pneumonitis (interstitial lung disease/ILD)
I.c

Eosinophilic pneumonia (pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia)
I.d

Organizing pneumonia pattern (an area or areas of consolidation on imaging)
I.k

Lung nodule or nodules

II - Pulmonary edema - Acute lung injury - ARDS

II.b

ARDS - Acute lung injury

IV - Airway involvement

IV.c

Obliterative bronchiolitis (a pattern consistent with) (see also IVn, XVx)

VIII - Central-large-upper airway (incl. pharyngeal-nasal) involvement

VIII.aq

Bronchorrhea

X - Systemic/Distant conditions, syndromes and reactions

X.g

Hypersensitivity reaction (may manifest with fever and/or skin, throat or airway involvement)
X.o

Neutrophilic dermatosis (Pyoderma, Sweet syndrome)

XV - Pathology

XV.b

Path: Eosinophilic pneumonia (subacute or acute) (see also Ic)
XV.c

Path: Organizing pneumonia (OP/BOOP) pattern (see also Id)
XV.e

Path: ILD with a granulomatous component (see also Im)
XV.x

Path: Acute/subacute bronchiolitis (see also IVc, IVi)
XV.cn

Path: Pulmonary necrotizing granuloma with neutrophilic microabscesses

XVI - Imaging

XVI.g

Imaging: Diffuse whiteout/alveolar shadowing (see also under IIb-ARDS)
XVI.v

Imaging: Centrilobular micronodules (can be diffuse)

XVII - Infections & related conditions

XVII.a

Respiratory tract infection incl. pneumonia
XVII.v

Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection (w/wo DAH)

XXI - Rechallenge data

XXI.b

Rechallenge can lead to relapse of AE/ILD