The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

I.g

Pulmonary fibrosis

Publications

Bellou V, Belbasis L, Evangelou E

Tobacco Smoking and Risk for Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Prospective Cohort Study From the UK Biobank.

Chest. 2021;160(3):983-993

Abramson MJ, Murambadoro T, Alif SM, Benke GP, Dharmage SC, Glaspole I, Hopkins P, Hoy RF, Klebe S, Moodley Y, Rawson S, Reynolds PN, Wolfe R, Corte TJ, Walters EH, Australian IPF Registry

Occupational and environmental risk factors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Australia: case-control study.

Thorax. 2020;75(10):864-869

Morse D, Rosas IO

Tobacco smoke-induced lung fibrosis and emphysema.

Annual review of physiology. 2014;76:493-513

Katzenstein AL

Smoking-related interstitial fibrosis (SRIF): pathologic findings and distinction from other chronic fibrosing lung diseases.

Journal of clinical pathology. 2013;66(10):882-7

Vassallo R, Ryu JH

Smoking-related interstitial lung diseases.

Clinics in chest medicine. 2012;33(1):165-78

Wells AU, Nicholson AG, Hansell DM

Challenges in pulmonary fibrosis . 4: smoking-induced diffuse interstitial lung diseases.

Thorax. 2007;62(10):904-10

Baumgartner KB, Samet JM, Stidley CA, Colby TV, Waldron JA

Cigarette smoking: a risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 1997;155(1):242-8