The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Pacemaker leads - Implantable cardiac devices

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

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Perforation of the heart - Cardiac rupture

Publications

Kumar P, Skrabal J, Frasure SE, Pourmand A

Pacemaker lead related myocardial perforation.

The American journal of emergency medicine 2021 Sep 04;; — 2021 Sep 04

Iwata S, Hirose A, Furui I, Matsumoto T, Ozaki M, Nagasaka Y

Right ventricular perforation, pneumothorax, and a pneumatocele by a pacemaker lead: a case report.

JA clinical reports 2021 Sep 09;7;69 — 2021 Sep 09 — 69