The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Pneumothorax
Publications
Right ventricular perforation, pneumothorax, and a pneumatocele by a pacemaker lead: a case report.
JA clinical reports 2021 Sep 09;7;69 — 2021 Sep 09 — 69
The Subtle Journey of a Right Atrial Lead: Hemopneumothorax Due to Subacute Pacemaker Lead Perforation.
JACC. Case reports 2020 Jun;2;902-906 — 2020 Jun — 902-906
Bilateral pneumothorax after pacemaker placement "Buffalo chest".
Respiratory medicine case reports 2019;26;227-228 — 2019 — 227-228