The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

III.a

Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)

Publications

Papanikolaou IC, Makou I, Markatis E

Amiodarone and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

Advances in respiratory medicine 2020;88;169-171 — 2020 — 169-171

Gabrilovich MI, Buxton DE, Lykins DM, McMillen SM, Onadeko OOA

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage secondary to apixaban administration.

Chest 2014 Sep;146;e115-e116 — 2014 Sep — e115-e116