The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

L.b

Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent

Publications

Durham M

Ivory wave: the next mephedrone?

Emergency medicine journal : EMJ 2011 Dec;28;1059-60 — 2011 Dec — 1059-60

James D, Adams RD, Spears R, Cooper G, Lupton DJ, Thompson JP, Thomas SH,

Clinical characteristics of mephedrone toxicity reported to the U.K. National Poisons Information Service.

Emergency medicine journal : EMJ 2011 Aug;28;686-9 — 2011 Aug — 686-9

Wood DM, Davies S, Puchnarewicz M, Button J, Archer R, Ovaska H, Ramsey J, Lee T, Holt DW, Dargan PI

Recreational use of mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC) with associated sympathomimetic toxicity.

Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology 2010 Sep;6;327-30 — 2010 Sep — 327-30