The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

XIV.a

Methemoglobinemia

Publications

Hieger MA, Afeld JL, Cumpston KL, Wills BK

Topical Benzocaine and Methemoglobinemia.

American journal of therapeutics. 2017;24(5):e596-e598

Brown C, Bowling M

Methemoglobinemia in bronchoscopy: a case series and a review of the literature.

Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology. 2013;20(3):241-6

Chowdhary S, Bukoye B, Bhansali AM, Carbo AR, Adra M, Barnett S, Aronson MD, Leffler DA

Risk of topical anesthetic-induced methemoglobinemia: a 10-year retrospective case-control study.

JAMA internal medicine. 2013;173(9):771-6

Vallurupalli S, Manchanda S

Risk of acquired methemoglobinemia with different topical anesthetics during endoscopic procedures.

Local and regional anesthesia. 2011;4:25-8

Doko Y, Iranami H, Fujii K, Yamazaki A, Shimogai M, Hatano Y

Severe methemoglobinemia after dental anesthesia: a warning about propitocaine-induced methemoglobinemia in neonates.

Journal of anesthesia. 2010;24(6):935-7

Young B

Intraoperative detection of methemoglobinemia in a patient given benzocaine spray to relieve discomfort from a nasogastric tube: a case report.

AANA journal. 2008;76(2):99-102

Shachor-Meyouhas Y, Galbraith R, Shavit I

Application of topical analgesia in triage: a potential for harm.

The Journal of emergency medicine. 2008;35(1):39-41

Kwok S, Fischer JL, Rogers JD

Benzocaine and lidocaine induced methemoglobinemia after bronchoscopy: a case report.

Journal of medical case reports. 2008;2:16

Paparella S

Topical anesthetic sprays directly associated with a serious, sometimes fatal adverse drug reaction: methemoglobinemia.

Journal of emergency nursing. 2005;31(5):468-9

LeClaire AC, Mullett TW, Jahania MS, Flynn JD

Methemoglobinemia secondary to topical benzocaine use in a lung transplant patient.

The Annals of pharmacotherapy. 2005;39(2):373-6

Balicer RD, Kitai E

Methemoglobinemia caused by topical teething preparation: a case report.

TheScientificWorldJournal. 2004;4:517-20

Byrne MF, Mitchell RM, Gerke H, Goller S, Stiffler HL, Golioto M, Branch MS, Jowell PS, Baillie J

The need for caution with topical anesthesia during endoscopic procedures, as liberal use may result in methemoglobinemia.

Journal of clinical gastroenterology. 2004;38(3):225-9

Sinisterra S, Miravet E, Alfonso I, Soliz A, Papazian O

Methemoglobinemia in an infant receiving nitric oxide after the use of eutectic mixture of local anesthetic.

The Journal of pediatrics. 2002;141(2):285-6