The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

II.b

ARDS - Acute lung injury

Publications

Grigorakos L, Sakagianni K, Tsigou E, Apostolakos G, Nikolopoulos G, Veldekis D

Outcome of acute heroin overdose requiring intensive care unit admission.

Journal of opioid management 2010 May-Jun;6;227-31 — 2010 May-Jun — 227-31

SILBER R, CLERKIN EP

Pulmonary edema in acute heroin poisoning; report of four cases.

The American journal of medicine 1959 Jul;27;187-92 — 1959 Jul — 187-92

Yeh PS, Yuan A, Yu CJ, Kuo SH, Luh KT, Yang PC

Acute respiratory distress syndrome in a woman with heroin and methamphetamine misuse.

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi 2001 Aug;100;553-6 — 2001 Aug — 553-6

Karne S, D'Ambrosio C, Einarsson O, O'Connor PG

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by intranasal heroin use.

The American journal of medicine 1999 Oct;107;392-5 — 1999 Oct — 392-5