The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Clenbuterol

Clenbuterol is a beta2 agonist used in veterinary medicine, that has not been approved by the FDA for human use. It is an infrequently reported heroin adulterant (PMID 27431866)

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

L - Miscellaneous

L.b

Chest pain (acute or subacute), lone or prominent

L.e

Metabolic acidosis (incl. lactic acidosis/-gap). May cause hyperpnea/dyspnea

LI - Cardiovascular involvement / toxicity

LI.o

Cardiovascular collapse - Cardiogenic shock - Hypotension