The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

PD-1/PD-L1-inhibitors or blocking agents/drugs

Adverse effects may indicate drug efficacy. Therefore, discontinuation should be discussed carefully. As has reinstitution of treatment. For review of pulmonary and nonpulmonary AEs, see under PMID�26371282,�27532025. Guidelines are available at manufacturers' websites

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic