The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

II.b

ARDS - Acute lung injury

Publications

Taccone FS, Gardette M, Creteur J, Brasseur A, Lorent S, Grimaldi D

Hemoadsorption to treat severe iatrogenic intoxication with Patent Blue: a case report.

Journal of medical case reports. 2021;15(1):63

Haaland A, Warman E, Pushkar I, Likourezos A, Friedman MS

Isolated non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema - A rare complication of MDMA toxicity.

The American journal of emergency medicine. 2017;35(9):1385.e3-1385.e6

Libiseller K, Pavlic M, Grubwieser P, Rabl W

Ecstasy--deadly risk even outside rave parties.

Forensic science international. 2005;153(2-3):227-30

Walubo A, Seger D

Fatal multi-organ failure after suicidal overdose with MDMA, 'ecstasy': case report and review of the literature.

Human & experimental toxicology. 1999;18(2):119-25

Hall AP, Lyburn ID, Spears FD, Riley B

An unusual case of Ecstasy poisoning.

Intensive care medicine. 1996;22(7):670-1

Dowling GP, McDonough ET 3rd, Bost RO

'Eve' and 'Ecstasy'. A report of five deaths associated with the use of MDEA and MDMA.

JAMA. 1987;257(12):1615-7