The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

X.d

Lupus - Lupus syndrome (see also Vd)

Publications

Sagy I, Zeller L, Raviv Y, Porges T, Bieber A, Abu-Shakra M

New-onset systemic lupus erythematosus following BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: a case series and literature review.

Rheumatology international. 2022;42(12):2261-2266

Molina-Rios S, Rojas-Martinez R, Estévez-Ramirez GM, Medina YF

Systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination. A case report.

Modern rheumatology case reports. 2023;7(1):43-46