The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

IX.a

Diaphragm/inspiratory muscle weakness/paralysis (w/wo ARF)

Publications

Coban A, Matur Z, Hanagasi HA, Parman Y

Iatrogenic botulism after botulinum toxin type A injections.

Clinical neuropharmacology. 2010;33(3):158-60

Nong LB, He WQ, Xu YH, Liu XQ, Li YM, Xiao ZL, Zhong NS

[Severe respiratory failure after injection of botulinum toxin: case report and review of the literature].

Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases. 2008;31(5):369-71

Souayah N, Karim H, Kamin SS, McArdle J, Marcus S

Severe botulism after focal injection of botulinum toxin.

Neurology. 2006;67(10):1855-6