The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic
Publications
A Shocking Outcome: Cardioversion-Induced Flash Pulmonary Edema.
Cureus 2025 Jan;17;e78249 — 2025 Jan — e78249
Electric cardioversion of atrial fibrillation resulting in pulmonary oedema in patient with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego 2015 May;38;278-9 — 2015 May — 278-9
Acute pulmonary edema associated with direct current cardioversion in a structurally normal heart.
Reviews in cardiovascular medicine 2008;9;137-41 — 2008 — 137-41
Acute pulmonary edema secondary to myocardial damage after electrical cardioversion.
Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE 2003 Dec;26;2330-2 — 2003 Dec — 2330-2
Pulmonary edema after cardioversion for paroxysmal atrial flutter: left ventricular diastolic dysfunction induced by direct current shock.
Japanese circulation journal 2000 Jan;64;76-9 — 2000 Jan — 76-9
[Treatment of auricular fibrillation by external electric shock. IV. Complications].
Coeur et medecine interne 1969 Oct;8;487-94 — 1969 Oct — 487-94