The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

III.a

Alveolar hemorrhage (AH), diffuse AH (DAH)

Publications

Choi KH, Nam TS, Kim JT, Choi SM, Park MS, Kim BC, Kim MK, Cho KH

Valproate associated diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

European journal of neurology 2011 Aug;18;e98-9 — 2011 Aug — e98-9

Sleiman C, Raffy O, Roué C, Mal H

Fatal pulmonary hemorrhage during high-dose valproate monotherapy.

Chest 2000 Feb;117;613 — 2000 Feb — 613