The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
QTc prolongation
Publications
A Case Report of Torsade de Pointes and Brugada Pattern Associated with Loperamide Misuse and Supratherapeutic Loperamide Concentrations.
The Journal of emergency medicine 2021 Oct;61;e54-e59 — 2021 Oct
Loperamide abuse cardiotoxicity. Should loperamide still be an over the counter medication?
The American journal of emergency medicine 2018 Sep;36;1716.e1-1716.e3 — 2018 Sep — 1716.e1-1716.e3
Loperamide cardiotoxicity: "A Brief Review".
Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc 2018 Mar;23;e12505 — 2018 Mar — e12505
The long QT teaser: loperamide abuse.
The American journal of medicine 2015 Oct;128;1083-6 — 2015 Oct — 1083-6