The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

XLI.a

Pulmonary edema, noncardiogenic (NCPE)

Publications

Takumi K, Mihara T, Kinoshita M

Unilateral Pulmonary Edema Associated With Prolonged Lateral Decubitus Positioning During Tocolytic Therapy in Pregnancy: A Case Report.

Cureus 2026 Feb;18;e103398 — 2026 Feb

Kimura M, Kato T, Nohara R

Pulmonary edema complicating ritodrine infusion in a patient with premature labor.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2013;52;155 — 2013 — 155

Findik S, Dirican A, Sengul B, Uzun O, Atici A, Erkan L

Acute pulmonary edema secondary to long-term use of oral ritodrine in a woman with a triplet pregnancy.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2007 Mar;96;208-11 — 2007 Mar — 208-11

Lamont RF

The pathophysiology of pulmonary oedema with the use of beta-agonists.

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 2000 Apr;107;439-44 — 2000 Apr — 439-44

Bowen RE, Dedhia HV, Beatty J, Schiebel F, Koss W, Granados J

ARDS associated with the use of sympathomimetics and glucocorticoids for the treatment of premature labor.

Critical care medicine 1983 Aug;11;671-2 — 1983 Aug — 671-2

Alper M, Cohen WR

Pulmonary edema associated with ritodrine and dexamethasone treatment of threatened premature labor. A case report.

The Journal of reproductive medicine 1983 May;28;349-52 — 1983 May — 349-52

MacLennan FM, Thomson MA, Rankin R, Terry PB, Adey GD

Fatal pulmonary oedema associated with the use of ritodrine in pregnancy. Case report.

British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 1985 Jul;92;703-5 — 1985 Jul — 703-5

Gupta RC, Foster S, Romano PM, Thomas HM

Acute pulmonary edema associated with the use of oral ritodrine for premature labor.

Chest 1989 Feb;95;479-81 — 1989 Feb — 479-81

Hardy CC, Lorigan P, Ratcliffe A, Carroll KB

Asthma in pregnancy complicated by iatrogenic pulmonary oedema.

Postgraduate medical journal 1989 Jun;65;407-9 — 1989 Jun — 407-9

Pisani RJ, Rosenow EC

Pulmonary edema associated with tocolytic therapy.

Annals of internal medicine 1989 May 01;110;714-8 — 1989 May 01 — 714-8

Elliott HR, Abdulla U, Hayes PJ

Pulmonary oedema associated with ritodrine infusion and betamethasone administration in premature labour.

British medical journal 1978 Sep 16;2;799-800 — 1978 Sep 16 — 799-800