The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

IV.b

Severe or catastrophic bronchospasm or asthma attack (can be fatal)

Publications

Taniguchi M, Kino H, Mori M, Nakahama M

[A case of fatal asthma induced by timolol eye-drop].

Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai zasshi 1990 Jan;28;156-9 — 1990 Jan — 156-9

Odeh M, Oliven A, Bassan H

Timolol eyedrop-induced fatal bronchospasm in an asthmatic patient.

The Journal of family practice 1991 Jan;32;97-8 — 1991 Jan — 97-8