The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

VI.b

Pulmonary arterial hypertension

Publications

Lacoste-Palasset T, Chaumais MC, Weatherald J, Savale L, Jaïs X, Price LC, Khouri C, Bulifon S, Seferian A, Jevnikar M, Boucly A, Manaud G, Pancic S, Chabanne C, Ahmad K, Volpato M, Favrolt N, Guillaumot A, Horeau-Langlard D, Prévot G, Fesler P, Bertolett

Association between Leflunomide and Pulmonary Hypertension.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2021;18(8):1306-1315

Coirier V, Lescoat A, Chabanne C, Fournet M, Coiffier G, Jouneau S, Polard E, Jégo P

Pulmonary arterial hypertension in four patients treated by leflunomide.

Joint bone spine. 2018;85(6):761-763

Alvarez PA, Saad AK, Flagel S, Mazzocchi O, Blanco MV

Leflunomide-induced pulmonary hypertension in a young woman with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report.

Cardiovascular toxicology. 2012;12(2):180-3

Martinez-Taboada VM, Rodriguez-Valverde V, Gonzalez-Vilchez F, Armijo JA

Pulmonary hypertension in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with leflunomide.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England). 2004;43(11):1451-3