The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Anaphylaxis-Anaphylactoid reaction (can be fatal)
Publications
Drug-induced anaphylaxis in pregnant women: a call for correct labeling antibiotic allergies.
Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology 2026 Aug 01;26 — 2026 Aug 01 — 274-280
Antibiotic allergy.
Lancet (London, England) 2019 01 12;393;183-198 — 2019 01 12 — 183-198
Anaphylaxis to beta-lactam antibiotics at pediatric age: Six-year survey.
Allergologia et immunopathologia 2019 Mar - Apr;47;128-132 — 2019 Mar - Apr — 128-132
Recommendations for the management of beta-lactam intolerance.
Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology 2014 Aug;47;46-55 — 2014 Aug — 46-55