The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App
Frequency - Incidence
Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases
Evidence level/grade
Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic
Valvular heart disease and/or dysfunction
Publications
Montastruc F, Montastruc G, Vigreux P, Bruneval P, Guilbeau-Frugier C, Cron C, Bagheri H, Delisle B, Lapeyre-Mestre M, Pathak A, Montastruc JL
Valvular heart disease in a patient taking 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'Ecstasy').
British journal of clinical pharmacology 2012 Sep;74;547-8 — 2012 Sep — 547-8
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "Ecstasy") induces fenfluramine-like proliferative actions on human cardiac valvular interstitial cells in vitro.
Molecular pharmacology 2003 Jun;63;1223-9 — 2003 Jun — 1223-9