The Drug-Induced Respiratory Disease Website and App

Frequency - Incidence

Incidence of respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as assessed by number of reported/published cases in the literature. Red digits in stars indicate: 0 = Very rare, questionable signal · 1 = < 10 cases · 2 = 10-50 cases · 3 = 50–100 cases · 4 = 100-200 cases · 5 = >200 cases

Evidence level/grade

Evidence level for respiratory adverse event(s) due to the specific drug as estimated using Hill’s (1965), Naranjo’s (1981), and Bégaud’s (1985) criteria applied to published cases. Blue digits in stars indicate: 0 = Questionable · 1 = Low · 2 = Moderate · 3 = Robust · 4 = Definite · 5 = Unquestionable, pathognomonic

VI.a

Pulmonary embolism - Venous thrombosis/thromboembolism

Publications

Çelik C, Carus M, Büyükcam F

Pulmonary embolism due to exogenous estrogen intoxication.

The American journal of emergency medicine. 2017;35(12):1984.e1-1984.e2

Gourbil M, Grandvuillemin A, Beyens MN, Massy N, Gras V, D'Amico A, Miremont-Salamé G, Petitpain N, French Network of Regional Pharmacovigilance Centres

Thromboembolic events in women exposed to hormonal contraception or cyproterone acetate in 2012: a cross-sectional observational study in 30 French public hospitals.

Drug safety. 2014;37(4):269-82

de Bastos M, Stegeman BH, Rosendaal FR, Van Hylckama Vlieg A, Helmerhorst FM, Stijnen T, Dekkers OM

Combined oral contraceptives: venous thrombosis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2014;2014(3):CD010813

Blanco-Molina A, Monreal M

Venous thromboembolism in women taking hormonal contraceptives.

Expert review of cardiovascular therapy. 2010;8(2):211-5

van Vlijmen EF, Brouwer JL, Veeger NJ, Eskes TK, de Graeff PA, van der Meer J

Oral contraceptives and the absolute risk of venous thromboembolism in women with single or multiple thrombophilic defects: results from a retrospective family cohort study.

Archives of internal medicine. 2007;167(3):282-9

Hedenmalm K, Samuelsson E, Spigset O

Pulmonary embolism associated with combined oral contraceptives: reporting incidences and potential risk factors for a fatal outcome.

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. 2004;83(6):576-85

Vandenbroucke JP, Rosing J, Bloemenkamp KW, Middeldorp S, Helmerhorst FM, Bouma BN, Rosendaal FR

Oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thrombosis.

The New England journal of medicine. 2001;344(20):1527-35